By the end of this CME session, participants will be able to: Foundations of Postnatal Care Define the components and recommended schedule of comprehensive PNC according to WHO and national guidelines. Explain the importance of the “fourth trimester” in ensuring maternal and newborn survival and wellbeing. Maternal Postnatal Care Conduct appropriate maternal assessments including vital signs, wound/cesarean section site care, lactation, and mental health screening. Identify and manage common postnatal complications such as hemorrhage, infection, thromboembolism, hypertension, and postpartum depression. Counsel women on family planning, nutrition, and self-care after childbirth. Newborn Postnatal Care Perform essential newborn assessments including growth monitoring, feeding, thermoregulation, and early detection of danger signs. Support early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding, immunization, and preventive newborn care. Recognize and manage common neonatal complications such as jaundice, sepsis, hypoglycemia, and poor feeding. Psychosocial and Community Support Provide psychosocial support to mothers and families, addressing emotional wellbeing, stigma, and partner/family involvement. Strengthen community linkages for follow-up care through CHVs, home visits, and referral systems. Health Systems and Multidisciplinary Approach Integrate PNC into existing maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) programs. Collaborate across disciplines (obstetricians, midwives, nurses, pediatricians, nutritionists, mental health specialists) to provide holistic PNC.