Understand the Spectrum of Acid-Related Diseases Review conditions such as GERD, peptic ulcer disease, Barrett’s esophagus, and functional dyspepsia. Explore the History and Evolution of Acid-Suppressive Therapy Compare H2 receptor antagonists, PPIs, and the emergence of PCABs. Explain the Mechanism of Action of PCABs Understand how PCABs differ from PPIs in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Discuss Clinical Advantages of PCABs Rapid symptom relief, consistent acid control, efficacy in PPI-resistant cases, and reduced nocturnal acid breakthrough. Evaluate Drug Interactions and Genetic Considerations Highlight PCABs’ reduced impact from CYP2C19 polymorphisms and implications for therapy. Review Evidence on Efficacy and Safety Analyze clinical trials and meta-analyses comparing PCABs and PPIs in conditions like erosive esophagitis and H. pylori eradication. Assess Pros and Cons for Physicians and Patients Benefits (rapid onset, fewer interactions) versus challenges (cost, limited long-term data, hepatotoxicity concerns). Understand Guideline Recommendations and Future Directions Examine integration of PCABs into international clinical guidelines and their role in personalized therapy.